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Q51. Rebecca is a security analyst and knows of a local root exploit that has the ability to enable local users to use available exploits to gain root privileges. This vulnerability exploits a condition in the Linux kernel within the execve() system call. There is no known workaround that exists for this vulnerability. What is the correct action to be taken by Rebecca in this situation as a recommendation to management?
A. Rebecca should make a recommendation to disable the () system call
B. Rebecca should make a recommendation to upgrade the Linux kernel promptly
C. Rebecca should make a recommendation to set all child-process to sleep within the execve()
D. Rebecca should make a recommendation to hire more system administrators to monitor all child processes to ensure that each child process can't elevate privilege
Answer: B
Q52. Which of the following are well know password-cracking programs?(Choose all that apply.
A. L0phtcrack
B. NetCat
C. Jack the Ripper
D. Netbus
E. John the Ripper
Answer: AE
Explanation: L0phtcrack and John the Ripper are two well know password-cracking programs. Netcat is considered the Swiss-army knife of hacking tools, but is not used for password cracking
Q53. Bob wants to prevent attackers from sniffing his passwords on the wired network. Which of the following lists the best options?
A. RSA, LSA, POP
B. SSID, WEP, Kerberos
C. SMB, SMTP, Smart card
D. Kerberos, Smart card, Stanford SRP
Answer: D
Explanation: Kerberos, Smart cards and Stanford SRP are techniques where the password never leaves the computer.
Q54. If you come across a sheepdip machaine at your client site, what would you infer?
A. A sheepdip computer is used only for virus checking.
B. A sheepdip computer is another name for honeypop.
C. A sheepdip coordinates several honeypots.
D. A sheepdip computer defers a denial of service attack.
Answer: A
Explanation: Also known as a footbath, a sheepdip is the process of checking physical media, such as floppy disks or CD-ROMs, for viruses before they are used in a computer. Typically, a computer that sheepdips is used only for that process and nothing else and is isolated from the other computers, meaning it is not connected to the network. Most sheepdips use at least two different antivirus programs in order to increase effectiveness.
Q55. Snort has been used to capture packets on the network. On studying the packets, the penetration tester finds it to be abnormal. If you were the penetration tester, why would you find this abnormal?
(Note: The student is being tested on concept learnt during passive OS fingerprinting, basic TCP/IP connection concepts and the ability to read packet signatures from a sniff dumo.)
05/20-17:06:45.061034 192.160.13.4:31337 -> 172.16.1.101:1 TCP TTL:44 TOS:0x10 ID:242 ***FRP** Seq: 0XA1D95 Ack: 0x53 Win: 0x400 . . .
05/20-17:06:58.685879 192.160.13.4:31337 -> 172.16.1.101:1024 TCP TTL:44 TOS:0x10 ID:242 ***FRP** Seg: 0XA1D95 Ack: 0x53 Win: 0x400
What is odd about this attack? (Choose the most appropriate statement)
A. This is not a spoofed packet as the IP stack has increasing numbers for the three flags.
B. This is back orifice activity as the scan comes from port 31337.
C. The attacker wants to avoid creating a sub-carrier connection that is not normally valid.
D. There packets were created by a tool; they were not created by a standard IP stack.
Answer: B
Explanation: Port 31337 is normally used by Back Orifice. Note that 31337 is hackers spelling of ‘elite’, meaning ‘elite hackers’.
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Q56. An attacker is attempting to telnet into a corporation’s system in the DMZ. The attacker doesn’t want to get caught and is spoofing his IP address. After numerous tries he remains unsuccessful in connecting to the system. The attacker rechecks that the target system is actually listening on Port 23 and he verifies it with both nmap and hping2. He is still unable to connect to the target system.
What is the most probable reason?
A. The firewall is blocking port 23 to that system.
B. He cannot spoof his IP and successfully use TCP.
C. He needs to use an automated tool to telnet in.
D. He is attacking an operating system that does not reply to telnet even when open.
Answer: B
Explanation: Spoofing your IP will only work if you don’t need to get an answer from the target system. In this case the answer (login prompt) from the telnet session will be sent to the “real” location of the IP address that you are showing as the connection initiator.
Q57. What is the essential difference between an ‘Ethical Hacker’ and a ‘Cracker’?
A. The ethical hacker does not use the same techniques or skills as a cracker.
B. The ethical hacker does it strictly for financial motives unlike a cracker.
C. The ethical hacker has authorization from the owner of the target.
D. The ethical hacker is just a cracker who is getting paid.
Answer: C
Explanation: The ethical hacker uses the same techniques and skills as a cracker and the motive is to find the security breaches before a cracker does. There is nothing that says that a cracker does not get paid for the work he does, a ethical hacker has the owners authorization and will get paid even if he does not succeed to penetrate the target.
Q58. Perimeter testing means determining exactly what your firewall blocks and what it allows. To conduct a good test, you can spoof source IP addresses and source ports. Which of the following command results in packets that will appear to originate from the system at 10.8.8.8? Such a packet is useful for determining whether the firewall is allowing random packets in or out of your network.
A. hping3 -T 10.8.8.8 -S netbios -c 2 -p 80
B. hping3 -Y 10.8.8.8 -S windows -c 2 -p 80
C. hping3 -O 10.8.8.8 -S server -c 2 -p 80
D. hping3 -a 10.8.8.8 -S springfield -c 2 -p 80
Answer: D
Q59. Paula works as the primary help desk contact for her company. Paula has just received a call from a user reporting that his computer just displayed a Blue Screen of Death screen and he ca no longer work. Paula walks over to the user’s computer and sees the Blue Screen of Death screen. The user’s computer is running Windows XP, but the Blue screen looks like a familiar one that Paula had seen a Windows 2000 Computers periodically.
The user said he stepped away from his computer for only 15 minutes and when he got back, the Blue Screen was there. Paula also noticed that the hard drive activity light was flashing meaning that the computer was processing some thing. Paula knew this should not be the case since the computer should be completely frozen during a Blue screen. She checks the network IDS live log entries and notices numerous nmap scan alerts.
What is Paula seeing happen on this computer?
A. Paula’s Network was scanned using FloppyScan
B. Paula’s Netwrok was scanned using Dumpsec
C. There was IRQ conflict in Paula’s PC
D. Tool like Nessus will cause BSOD
Answer: A
Explanation: Floppyscan is a dangerous hacking tool which can be used to portscan a system using a floppy disk Bootsup mini Linux Displays Blue screen of death screen Port scans the network using NMAP Send the results by e-mail to a remote server.
Q60. The GET method should never be used when sensitive data such as credit card is being sent to a CGI program. This is because any GET command will appear in the URL, and will be logged by any servers. For example, let's say that you've entered your credit card information into a form that uses the GET method. The URL may appear like this:
https://www.xsecurity-bank.com/creditcard.asp?cardnumber=453453433532234
The GET method appends the credit card number to the URL. This means that anyone with access to a server log will be able to obtain this information. How would you protect from this type of attack?
A. Never include sensitive information in a script
B. Use HTTPS SSLv3 to send the data instead of plain HTTPS
C. Replace the GET with POST method when sending data
D. Encrypt the data before you send using GET method
Answer: C
