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Q101. Like OSPFv2, OSPFv3 supports virtual links. Which two statements are true about the IPv6 address of a virtual neighbor? (Choose two.)
A. It is the link-local address, and it is discovered by examining the hello packets received from the virtual neighbor.
B. It is the link-local address, and it is discovered by examining link LSA received by the virtual neighbor.
C. It is the global scope address, and it is discovered by examining the router LSAs received by the virtual neighbor.
D. Only prefixes with the LA-bit not set can be used as a virtual neighbor address.
E. It is the global scope address, and it is discovered by examining the intra-area-prefix-LSAs received by the virtual neighbor.
F. Only prefixes with the LA-bit set can be used as a virtual neighbor address.
Answer: E,F
Explanation:
OSPF for IPv6 assumes that each router has been assigned link-local unicast addresses on each of the router's attached physical links. On all OSPF interfaces except virtual links, OSPF packets are sent using the interface's associated link-local unicast address as the source address. A router learns the link-local addresses of all other routers attached to its links and uses these addresses as next-hop information during packet forwarding. On virtual links, a global scope IPv6 address MUST be used as the source address for OSPF protocol packets. The collection of intra-area-prefix-LSAs originated by the virtual neighbor is examined, with the virtual neighbor's IP address being set to the first prefix encountered with the LA-bit set.
Reference: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5340
Q102. DRAG DROP
Drag and Drop Cisco PFR adjacency types.
Answer:
Q103. Refer to the exhibit.
A Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switch experiences high CPU utilization. What can be the cause of this issue, and how can it be prevented?
A. The hardware routing table is full. Redistribute from BGP into IGP.
B. The software routing table is full. Redistribute from BGP into IGP.
C. The hardware routing table is full. Reduce the number of routes in the routing table.
D. The software routing table is full. Reduce the number of routes in the routing table.
Answer: C
Explanation:
FIB TCAM Exception - If you try to install more routes than are possible into the FIB TCAM you will see the following error message in the logs:
CFIB-SP-STBY-7-CFIB_EXCEPTION : FIB TCAM exception, Some entries will be software switched
%CFIB-SP-7-CFIB_EXCEPTION : FIB TCAM exception, Some entries will be software switched.
%CFIB-SP-STBY-7-CFIB_EXCEPTION : FIB TCAM exception, Some entries will be software switched.
This error message is received when the amount of available space in the TCAM is exceeded. This results in high CPU. This is a FIB TCAM limitation. Once TCAM is full, a flag will be set and FIB TCAM exception is received. This stops from adding new routes to the TCAM. Therefore, everything will be software switched. The removal of routes does not help resume hardware switching. Once the TCAM enters the exception state, the system must be reloaded to get out of that state. You can view if you have hit a FIB TCAM exception with the following command:
6500-2#sh mls cef exception status
Current IPv4 FIB exception state = TRUE
Current IPv6 FIB exception state = FALSE
Current MPLS FIB exception state = FALSE
When the exception state is TRUE, the FIB TCAM has hit an exception.
The maximum routes that can be installed in TCAM is increased by the mls cef maximum-routes command.
Reference: https://supportforums.cisco.com/document/59926/troubleshooting-high-cpu-6500-sup720
Q104. DRAG DROP
Drag and drop the MPLS term on the left to the function it performs on the right.
Answer:
Q105. A network engineer wants to add a new switch to an existing switch stack. Which configuration must be added to the new switch before it can be added to the switch stack?
A. No configuration must be added.
B. stack ID
C. IP address
D. VLAN information
E. VTP information
Answer: A
Latest 400-101 actual exam:
Q106. Which statement about the feasibility condition in EIGRP is true?
A. The prefix is reachable via an EIGRP peer that is in the routing domain of the router.
B. The EIGRP peer that advertises the prefix to the router has multiple paths to the destination.
C. The EIGRP peer that advertises the prefix to the router is closer to the destination than the router.
D. The EIGRP peer that advertises the prefix cannot be used as a next hop to reach the destination.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The advertised metric from an EIGRP neighbor (peer) to the local router is called Advertised Distance (or reported distance) while the metric from the local router to that network is called Feasible Distance. For example, R1 advertises network 10.10.10.0/24 with a metric of 20 to R2. For R2, this is the advertised distance. R2 calculates the feasible distance by adding the metric from the advertised router (R1) to itself. So in this case the feasible distance to network 10.10.10.0/24 is 20 + 50 = 70.
Before a router can be considered a feasible successor, it must pass the feasibility condition rule. In short, the feasibility condition says that if we learn about a prefix from a neighbor, the advertised distance from that neighbor to the destination must be lower than our feasible distance to that same destination. Therefore we see the Advertised Distance always smaller than the Feasible Distance to satisfy the feasibility condition.
Q107. You are tasked with configuring a router on an OSPF domain to import routes from an EIGRP domain and summarize the routes to 192.168.64.0.
Which statement configures the summarized route and provides equal-path route redundancy?
A. area 32 range 192.168.64.0 255.255.192.0 cost 100
B. area 32 range 192.168.64.0 255.255.63.0 cost 100
C. area 32 range 192.168.64.0 255.255.64.0 cost 100
D. area 32 range 192.168.64.0 255.255.192.0 multi-path
Answer: A
Explanation:
area range
To consolidate and summarize routes at an area boundary, use the area range command in router configuration mode. To disable this function, use the no form of this command.
Syntax Description
area-id
Identifier of the area about which routes are to be summarized. It can be specified as either a decimal value or as an IP address.
ip-address
IP address.
mask
IP address mask.
advertise
(Optional) Sets the address range status to advertise and generates a Type 3 summary link-state advertisement (LSA).
not-advertise
(Optional) Sets the address range status to DoNotAdvertise. The Type 3 summary LSA is suppressed, and the component networks remain hidden from other networks.
cost cost
(Optional) Metric or cost for this summary route, which is used during OSPF SPF calculation to determine the shortest paths to the destination. The value can be 0 to 16777215.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/12_2/iproute/command/reference/fiprrp_r/1rfospf. html#wp1017596
Q108. What is the purpose of EIGRP summary leaking?
A. to allow a summary to be advertised conditionally on specific criteria
B. to allow a component of a summary to be advertised in addition to the summary
C. to allow overlapping summaries to exist on a single interface
D. to modify the metric of the summary based on which components of the summary are operational
Answer: B
Explanation:
When you do manual summarization, and still you want to advertise some specific routes to the neighbor, you can do that using leak-map. Please read more about leaking routes here.
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/iproute_eigrp/command/reference/ire_book/ire_i1. html#wp1037685.
Q109. Which three statements about EIGRP and BFD are true? (Choose three.)
A. BFD is independent of the routing protocol, so it can be used as a generic failure detection mechanism for EIGRP.
B. Some parts of BFD can be distributed to the data plane, so it can be less CPU-intensive than reduced timers, which exist wholly at the control plane.
C. Reduced EIGRP timers have an absolute minimum detection timer of 1-2 seconds; BFD can provide sub-second failure detection.
D. BFD is tied to specific routing protocols and can be used for generic fault detection for the OSPF, EIGRP, and BGP routing protocols.
E. BFD is dependent on the EIGRP routing protocol, so it can be used as a specific failure detection mechanism.
F. BFD resides on the control plane, so it is less CPU-intensive than if it resided on the data plane.
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
There are several advantages to implementing BFD over reduced timer mechanisms for routing protocols:
. Although reducing the EIGRP, IS-IS, and OSPF timers can result in minimum detection timer of one to two seconds, BFD can provide failure detection in less than one second.
. Because BFD is not tied to any particular routing protocol, it can be used as a generic and consistent failure detection mechanism for EIGRP, IS-IS, and OSPF.
. Because some parts of BFD can be distributed to the data plane, it can be less CPU-intensive than the reduced EIGRP, IS-IS, and OSPF timers, which exist wholly at the control plane.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/12_0s/feature/guide/fs_bfd.html
Q110. DRAG DROP
Drag and drop each PHB on the left to the functionality it performs on the right.
Answer:
