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Q1. - (Topic 5) 

What is the effect of using the service password-encryption command? 

A. Only the enable password will be encrypted. 

B. Only the enable secret password will be encrypted. 

C. Only passwords configured after the command has been entered will be encrypted. 

D. It will encrypt the secret password and remove the enable secret password from the 

configuration. 

E. It will encrypt all current and future passwords. 

Answer:

Explanation: 

Encryption further adds a level of security to the system as anyone having access to the database of passwords cannot reverse the process of encryption to know the actual passwords which isn’t the case if the passwords are stored simply. 


Q2. - (Topic 3) 

Refer to the exhibit. 

When running OSPF, what would cause router A not to form an adjacency with router B? 

A. The loopback addresses are on different subnets. 

B. The values of the dead timers on the routers are different. 

C. Route summarization is enabled on both routers. 

D. The process identifier on router A is different than the process identifier on router B. 

Answer:

Explanation: 

To form an adjacency (become neighbor), router A & B must have the same Hello interval, Dead interval and AREA numbers 


Q3. - (Topic 7) 

Under which circumstance should a network administrator implement one-way NAT? 

A. when the network must route UDP traffic 

B. when traffic that originates outside the network must be routed to internal hosts 

C. when traffic that originates inside the network must be routed to internal hosts 

D. when the network has few public IP addresses and many private IP addresses require outside access 

Answer:

Explanation: NAT operation is typically transparent to both the internal and external hosts. Typically the internal host is aware of the true IP address and TCP or UDP port of the external host. Typically the NAT device may function as the default gateway for the internal host. However the external host is only aware of the public IP address for the NAT device and the particular port being used to communicate on behalf of a specific internal host. 

NAT and TCP/UDP 

"Pure NAT", operating on IP alone, may or may not correctly parse protocols that are totally concerned with IP information, such as ICMP, depending on whether the payload is interpreted by a host on the "inside" or "outside" of translation. As soon as the protocol stack is traversed, even with such basic protocols as TCP and UDP, the protocols will break unless NAT takes action beyond the network layer. IP packets have a checksum in each packet header, which provides error detection only for the header. IP datagrams may become fragmented and it is necessary for a NAT to reassemble these fragments to allow correct recalculation of higher-level checksums and correct tracking of which packets belong to which connection. The major transport layer protocols, TCP and UDP, have a checksum that covers all the data they carry, as well as the TCP/UDP header, plus a "pseudo-header" that contains the source and destination IP addresses of the packet carrying the TCP/UDP header. For an originating NAT to pass TCP or UDP successfully, it must recompute the TCP/UDP header checksum based on the translated IP addresses, not the original ones, and put that checksum into the TCP/UDP header of the first packet of the fragmented set of packets. The receiving NAT must recompute the IP checksum on every packet it passes to the destination host, and also recognize and recompute the TCP/UDP header using the retranslated addresses and pseudo-header. This is not a completely solved problem. One solution is for the receiving NAT to reassemble the entire segment and then recompute a checksum calculated across all packets. The originating host may perform Maximum transmission unit (MTU) path discovery to determine the packet size that can be transmitted without fragmentation, and then set the don't fragment (DF) bit in the appropriate packet header field. Of course, this is only a one-way solution, because the responding host can send packets of any size, which may be fragmented before reaching the NAT. 


Q4. - (Topic 3) 

Which command is used to display the collection of OSPF link states? 

A. show ip ospf link-state 

B. show ip ospf lsa database 

C. show ip ospf neighbors 

D. show ip ospf database 

Answer:

Explanation: 

The “show ip ospf database” command displays the link states. Here is an example: 

Here is the lsa database on R2. 

R2#show ip ospf database 

OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1) 

Router Link States (Area 0) 

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count 

2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 793 0x80000003 0x004F85 2 

10.4.4.4 10.4.4.4 776 0x80000004 0x005643 1 

111.111.111.111 111.111.111.111 755 0x80000005 0x0059CA 2 

133.133.133.133 133.133.133.133 775 0x80000005 0x00B5B1 2 Net Link States (Area 0) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum10.1.1.1 111.111.111.111 794 0x80000001 0x001E8B 

10.2.2.3 133.133.133.133 812 0x80000001 0x004BA9 

10.4.4.1 111.111.111.111 755 0x80000001 0x007F16 

10.4.4.3 133.133.133.133 775 0x80000001 0x00C31F 


Q5. - (Topic 3) 

Which of the following describe the process identifier that is used to run OSPF on a router? (Choose two) 

A. It is locally significant. 

B. It is globally significant. 

C. It is needed to identify a unique instance of an OSPF database. 

D. It is an optional parameter required only if multiple OSPF processes are running on the router. 

E. All routers in the same OSPF area must have the same process ID if they are to exchange routing information. 

Answer: A,C 

Explanation: 

https://learningnetwork.cisco.com/thread/6248 They are locally significant only, and have no bearing on the structure of any OSPF packet or LSA update. So you can have a separate process-id on every single router in your network if you so desire. 


Q6. - (Topic 1) 

Refer to the exhibit. 

Host A is sending a packet to Host B for the first time. What destination MAC address will Host A use in the ARP request? 

A. 192.168.0.1 

B. 172.16.0.50 

C. 00-17-94-61-18-b0 

D. 00-19-d3-2d-c3-b2 

E. ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff 

F. 255.255.255.255 

Answer: E Explanation: 

For the initial communication, Host A will send a broadcast ARP (all F's) to determine the correct address to use to reach the destination. ARP sends an Ethernet frame called an ARP request to every host on the shared link-layer legmen. The Ethernet header includes the source host MAC address and a destination address of all Fs representing a broadcast frame. The ARP request contains the sender's MAC and IP address and the target (destination) IP address. The target's MAC address is set to all 0s. ARP Request 

Reference: 

http://www.technicalhowto.com/protocols/arp/arp.html 


Q7. - (Topic 3) 

A network administrator is troubleshooting the OSPF configuration of routers R1 and R2. The routers cannot establish an adjacency relationship on their common Ethernet link. 

The graphic shows the output of the show ip ospf interface e0 command for routers R1 and R2. Based on the information in the graphic, what is the cause of this problem? 

A. The OSPF area is not configured properly. 

B. The priority on R1 should be set higher. 

C. The cost on R1 should be set higher. 

D. The hello and dead timers are not configured properly. 

E. A backup designated router needs to be added to the network. 

F. The OSPF process ID numbers must match. 

Answer:

Explanation: 

In OSPF, the hello and dead intervals must match and here we can see the hello interval is set to 5 on R1 and 10 on R2. The dead interval is also set to 20 on R1 but it is 40 on R2. 


Q8. - (Topic 2) 

Which address type does a switch use to make selective forwarding decisions? 

A. Source IP address 

B. Destination IP address 

C. Source and destination IP address 

D. Source MAC address 

E. Destination MAC address 

Answer:

Explanation: 

Switches analyze the destination MAC to make its forwarding decision since it is a layer 2 device. Routers use the destination IP address to make forwarding decisions. 


Q9. - (Topic 3) 

Refer to the exhibit. 

If the resume command is entered after the sequence that is shown in the exhibit, which router prompt will be displayed? 

A. Router1> 

B. Router1# 

C. Router2> 

D. Router2# 

Answer:

Explanation: 

After resuming the telnet session by using the Enter key after it has been suspended, it will resume back to the telnet session so it will be back to the router2> prompt. 


Q10. - (Topic 1) 

Refer to the exhibit. 

If host A sends an IP packet to host B, what will the source physical address be in the frame when it reaches host B? 

A. 10.168.10.99 

B. 10.168.11.88 

C. A1:A1:A1:A1:A1:A1 

D. B2:B2:B2:B2:B2:B2 

E. C3:C3:C3:C3:C3:C3 

F. D4:D4:D4:D4:D4:D4 

Answer:

Explanation: 

When packets transfer from one host to another across a routed segment, the source IP address always remains the same source IP address, and the source physical (MAC) address will be the existing router’s interface address. Similarly, the destination IP address always remains the same and the destination physical (MAC) address is the destination router’s interface address.