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Q181. What did the following commands determine? 

C : user2sid earth guest S-1-5-21-343818398-789336058-1343024091-501 

C:sid2user 5 21 343818398 789336058 1343024091 500 Name is Joe Domain is EARTH 

A. That the Joe account has a SID of 500 

B. These commands demonstrate that the guest account has NOT been disabled 

C. These commands demonstrate that the guest account has been disabled 

D. That the true administrator is Joe 

E. Issued alone, these commands prove nothing 

Answer: D

Explanation: One important goal of enumeration is to determine who the true administrator is. In the example above, the true administrator is Joe. 


Q182. You work as security technician at ABC.com. While doing web application testing, you might be required to look through multiple web pages online which can take a long time. Which of the processes listed below would be a more efficient way of doing this type of validation? 

A. Use mget to download all pages locally for further inspection. 

B. Use wget to download all pages locally for further inspection. 

C. Use get* to download all pages locally for further inspection. 

D. Use get() to download all pages locally for further inspection. 

Answer: B

Explanation: Wget is a utility used for mirroring websites, get* doesn’t work, as for the actual FTP command to work there needs to be a space between get and * (ie. get *), get(); is just bogus, that’s a C function that’s written 100% wrong. mget is a command used from “within” ftp itself, ruling out A. Which leaves B use wget, which is designed for mirroring and download files, especially web pages, if used with the –R option (ie. wget –R www.ABC.com) it could mirror a site, all expect protected portions of course. 

Note: GNU Wget is a free network utility to retrieve files from the World Wide Web using HTTP and FTP and can be used to make mirrors of archives and home pages thus enabling work in the background, after having logged off. 


Q183. Which of the following steganography utilities exploits the nature of white space and allows the user to conceal information in these white spaces? 

A. Snow 

B. Gif-It-Up 

C. NiceText 

D. Image Hide 

Answer: A

Explanation: The program snow is used to conceal messages in ASCII text by appending whitespace to the end of lines. Because spaces and tabs are generally not visible in text viewers, the message is effectively hidden from casual observers. And if the built-in encryption is used, the message cannot be read even if it is detected. 


Q184. What are the differences between SSL and S-HTTP? 

A. SSL operates at the network layer and S-HTTP operates at the application layer 

B. SSL operates at the application layer and S-HTTP operates at the network layer 

C. SSL operates at the transport layer and S-HTTP operates at the application layer 

D. SSL operates at the application layer and S-HTTP operates at the transport layer 

Answer: C

Explanation: The main difference between the protocols is the layer at which they operate. SSL operates at the transport layer and mimics the "socket library," while S-HTTP operates at the application layer. Encryption of the transport layer allows SSL to be application-independent, while S-HTTP is limited to the specific software implementing it. The protocols adopt different philosophies towards encryption as well, with SSL encrypting the entire communications channel and S-HTTP encrypting each message independently. 


Q185. Which of the following statements about a zone transfer correct?(Choose three. 

A. A zone transfer is accomplished with the DNS 

B. A zone transfer is accomplished with the nslookup service 

C. A zone transfer passes all zone information that a DNS server maintains 

D. A zone transfer passes all zone information that a nslookup server maintains 

E. A zone transfer can be prevented by blocking all inbound TCP port 53 connections 

F. Zone transfers cannot occur on the Internet 

Answer: ACE

Explanation: Securing DNS servers should be a priority of the organization. Hackers obtaining DNS information can discover a wealth of information about an organization. This information can be used to further exploit the network. 


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Q186. A specific site received 91 ICMP_ECHO packets within 90 minutes from 47 different sites. 77 of the ICMP_ECHO packets had an ICMP ID:39612 and Seq:57072. 13 of the ICMP_ECHO packets had an ICMP ID:0 and Seq:0. What can you infer from this information? 

A. The packets were sent by a worm spoofing the IP addresses of 47 infected sites B. ICMP ID and Seq numbers were most likely set by a tool and not by the operating system 

C. All 77 packets came from the same LAN segment and hence had the same ICMP ID and Seq number 

D. 13 packets were from an external network and probably behind a NAT, as they had an ICMP ID 0 and Seq 0 

Answer: B


Q187. SNMP is a protocol used to query hosts, servers and devices about performance or health status data. Hackers have used this protocol for a long time to gather great amount of information about remote hosts. Which of the following features makes this possible? 

A. It is susceptible to sniffing 

B. It uses TCP as the underlying protocol 

C. It is used by ALL devices on the market 

D. It uses a community string sent as clear text 

Answer: AD

Explanation: SNMP uses UDP, not TCP, and even though many devices uses SNMP not ALL devices use it and it can be disabled on most of the devices that does use it. However SNMP is susceptible to sniffing and the community string (which can be said acts as a password) is sent in clear text. 


Q188. A very useful resource for passively gathering information about a target company is: 

A. Host scanning 

B. Whois search 

C. Traceroute 

D. Ping sweep 

Answer:

Explanation: A, C & D are "Active" scans, the question says: "Passively" 


Q189. What type of port scan is shown below? 

A. Idle Scan 

B. Windows Scan 

C. XMAS Scan 

D. SYN Stealth Scan 

Answer: C

Explanation: An Xmas port scan is variant of TCP port scan. This type of scan tries to obtain information about the state of a target port by sending a packet which has multiple TCP flags set to 1 - "lit as an Xmas tree". The flags set for Xmas scan are FIN, URG and PSH. The purpose is to confuse and bypass simple firewalls. Some stateless firewalls only check against security policy those packets which have the SYN flag set (that is, packets that initiate connection according to the standards). Since Xmas scan packets are different, they can pass through these simple systems and reach the target host. 


Q190. Which of the following nmap command in Linux procedures the above output? 

A. sudo nmap –sP 192.168.0.1/24 

B. root nmap –sA 192.168.0.1/24 

C. run nmap –TX 192.168.0.1/24 

D. launch nmap –PP 192.168.0.1/24 

Answer: A

Explanation: This is an output from a ping scan. The option –sP will give you a ping scan of the 192.168.0.1/24 network. 

Topic 4, Enumeration 

129. Sandra has been actively scanning the client network on which she is doing a vulnerability assessment test. While conducting a port scan she notices open ports in the range of 135 to 139. What protocol is most likely to be listening on those ports? 

A. Finger 

B. FTP 

C. Samba 

D. SMB 

Answer: D

Explanation: The SMB (Server Message Block) protocol is used among other things for file sharing in Windows NT / 2000. In Windows NT it ran on top of NBT (NetBIOS over TCP/IP), which used the famous ports 137, 138 (UDP) and 139 (TCP). In Windows 2000, Microsoft added the possibility to run SMB directly over TCP/IP, without the extra layer of NBT. For this they use TCP port 445. 



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